Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which of the
following is an area of physics that studies motion and its causes? a. | thermodynamics | c. | quantum
mechanics | b. | mechanics | d. | optics | | | | |
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2.
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Which of the
following is an area of physics that studies heat and temperature? a. | thermodynamics | c. | quantum
mechanics | b. | mechanics | d. | optics | | | | |
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3.
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Listening to
your favorite radio station involves which area of physics? a. | optics | c. | vibrations and wave
phenomena | b. | thermodynamics | d. | relativity | | | | |
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4.
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A baker
makes a loaf of bread. Identify the area of physics that this involves. a. | optics | c. | mechanics | b. | thermodynamics | d. | relativity | | | | |
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5.
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A hiker uses
a compass to navigate through the woods. Identify the area of physics that this
involves. a. | thermodynamics | c. | electromagnetism | b. | relativity | d. | quantum mechanics | | | | |
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6.
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According to
the scientific method, why does a physicist make observations and collect data? a. | to decide which parts
of a problem are important | b. | to ask a question | c. | to make a
conclusion | d. | to solve all problems | | |
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7.
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According to
the scientific method, how does a physicist formulate and objectively test
hypotheses? a. | by defending an
opinion | c. | by
experiments | b. | by interpreting graphs | d. | by stating conclusions | | | | |
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8.
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In the steps
of the scientific method, what is the next step after formulating and objectively testing
hypotheses? a. | interpreting
results | b. | stating conclusions | c. | conducting
experiments | d. | making observations and collecting data | | |
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9.
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According to
the scientific method, how should conclusions be stated? a. | so that no one can
refute the conclusion | b. | so that it works with only one set of data | c. | so that it is
completely correct, with no mistakes | d. | in a form that can be evaluated by others | | |
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10.
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Diagrams are
NOT designed to a. | show relationships
between concepts. | c. | measure an event or
situation. | b. | show setups of experiments. | d. | label parts of a model. | | | | |
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11.
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Why do
physicists use models? a. | to explain the complex features of simple
phenomena | b. | to describe all aspects of a phenomenon | c. | to explain the basic
features of complex phenomena | d. | to describe all of reality | | |
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12.
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Which
statement about models is NOT correct? a. | Models describe only part of reality. | b. | Models help build
hypotheses. | c. | Models help guide experimental design. | d. | Models manipulate a
single variable or factor in an experiment. | | |
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13.
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What two
dimensions, in addition to mass, are commonly used by physicists to derive additional
measurements? a. | length and
width | c. | length and
time | b. | area and
mass | d. | velocity and
time | | | | |
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14.
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The symbol
mm represents a a. | micrometer. | c. | megameter. | b. | millimeter. | d. | manometer. | | | | |
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15.
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The symbols
for units of length in order from smallest to largest are a. | m, cm, mm, and
km. | c. | km, mm, cm, and
m. | b. | mm, m, cm, and
km. | d. | mm, cm, m, and
km. | | | | |
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16.
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The SI base
unit used to measure mass is the a. | meter. | c. | kilogram. | b. | second. | d. | liter. | | | | |
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17.
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The SI base
unit for time is a. | 1
day. | c. | 1
minute. | b. | 1 hour. | d. | 1 second. | | | | |
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18.
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The most
appropriate SI unit for measuring the length of an automobile is the a. | centimeter. | c. | meter. | b. | kilometer. | d. | millimeter. | | | | |
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19.
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If some
measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these
measurements are a. | neither precise nor
accurate. | b. | accurate but not precise. | c. | acceptable as a new
standard of accuracy. | d. | precise but not accurate. | | |
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20.
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Poor
precision in scientific measurements may arise from a. | significant
figures. | b. | human error. | c. | scientific
notation. | d. | both significant figures and scientific
notation. | | |
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21.
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These values
were obtained as the mass of a bar of metal: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass is 10.68 g. The
values are a. | accurate. | c. | both accurate and
precise. | b. | precise. | d. | neither accurate nor precise. | | | | |
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22.
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Five darts
strike near the center of a target. The dart thrower is a. | accurate. | c. | both accurate and
precise. | b. | precise. | d. | neither accurate nor precise. | | | | |
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23.
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In a game of
horseshoes, one horseshoe lands on the post. Four horseshoes land nowhere near the post. The one
horseshoe on the post was thrown a. | accurately. | c. | both accurately and precisely. | b. | precisely. | d. | neither accurately nor
precisely. | | | | |
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24.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 21.4 + 15 + 17.17 + 4.003 a. | 57.573 | c. | 57.6 | b. | 57.57 | d. | 58 | | | | |
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25.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 10.5 ´ 8.8 ´ 3.14 a. | 2.9 ´ 102 | c. | 290.1 | b. | 290.136 | d. | 290 | | | | |
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26.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: (0.82 + 0.042 ) ´ (4.4 ´ 103) a. | 3.8 ´ 103 | c. | 3.784 ´
103 | b. | 3.78 ´ 103 | d. | 3784 | | | | |
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Hour | Temperature
(°C) | 1:00 | 30.0 | 2:00 | 29.0 | 3:00 | 28.0 | 4:00 | 27.5 | 5:00 | 27.0 | 6:00 | 25.0 | | |
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27.
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A weather
balloon records the temperature every hour. From the table above, the temperature a. | increases. | c. | remains
constant. | b. | decreases. | d. | decreases and then increases. | | | | |
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28.
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The time
required to make a trip of 100.0 km is measured at various speeds. From the graph above, what speed
will allow the trip to be made in 2 hours? a. | 20.0 km/h | c. | 50.0 km/h | b. | 40.0 km/h | d. | 90.0 km/h | | | | |
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29.
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Which of the
following equations best describes the graph above? a. | y =
2x | c. | y =
x2 | b. | y = x | d. | y =  x | | | | |
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30.
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Which of the
following equations best describes the graph above? a. | y =
x2 + 1 | c. | y =
–x2 + 1 | b. | y = x2 –
1 | d. | y =
–x2 – 1 | | | | |
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31.
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The Greek
letter delta, D, indicates a(n) a. | difference or change. | c. | direct proportion. | b. | sum or
total. | d. | inverse
proportion. | | | | |
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32.
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The Greek
letter sigma, S, indicates a(n) a. | difference or change. | c. | direct proportion. | b. | sum or
total. | d. | inverse
proportion | | | | |
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33.
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What are the
basic SI units? a. | meters, kilograms,
hours | c. | meters, kilograms,
seconds | b. | feet, pounds, seconds | d. | feet, kilograms, seconds | | | | |
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34.
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Estimate the
order of magnitude of the length of a football field. a. | 10–1
m | c. | 104
m | b. | 102
m | d. | 106
m | | | | |
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35.
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Estimate the
order of magnitude of your age, measured in units of months. a. | 10–1
months | c. | 102
months | b. | 101 month | d. | 103 months | | | | |
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36.
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The sun is
composed mostly of hydrogen. The mass of the sun is 2.0 ´ 1030 kg, and the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.67
´ 10–27
kg. Estimate the number of atoms in the sun.
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37.
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What is the
speed of an object at rest? a. | 0.0 m/s | c. | 9.8 m/s | b. | 1.0 m/s | d. | 9.81 m/s | | | | |
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38.
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In addition
to displacement, which of the following must be used for a more complete description of the average
velocity of an object?
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39.
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A dolphin
swims 1.85 km/h. How far has the dolphin traveled after 0.60 h? a. | 1.1
km | c. | 0.63
km | b. | 2.5
km | d. | 3.7
km | | | | |
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40.
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A hiker
travels south along a straight path for 1.5 h with an average velocity of 0.75 km/h, then travels
south for 2.5 h with an average velocity of 0.90 km/h. What is the hiker’s displacement for the
total trip? a. | 1.1 km to the
south | c. | 3.4 km to the
south | b. | 2.2 km to the south | d. | 6.7 km to the south | | | | |
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41.
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Acceleration
is a. | displacement. | c. | velocity. | b. | the rate of change of displacement. | d. | the rate of change of velocity. | | | | |
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42.
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When
velocity is positive and acceleration is negative, what happens to the object’s
motion? a. | The object slows
down. | c. | Nothing happens to the
object. | b. | The object speeds up. | d. | The object remains at rest. | | | | |
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43.
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What does the graph
above illustrate about acceleration? a. | The acceleration is constant. | b. | The acceleration is
zero. | c. | The acceleration decreases. | d. | There is not enough
information to answer. | | |
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44.
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What does the graph
above illustrate about acceleration? a. | The acceleration varies. | b. | The acceleration is
zero. | c. | The acceleration is constant. | d. | The acceleration
increases then becomes constant. | | |
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45.
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A toy car is
given an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s and experiences a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2.
What is the final velocity after 6.0 s? a. | 10.0 m/s | c. | 16 m/s | b. | 12 m/s | d. | 17 m/s | | | | |
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46.
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A shopping
cart given an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s undergoes a constant acceleration of 3.0 m/s2.
What is the magnitude of the cart's displacement after the first 4.0 s of its
motion? a. | 10.0
m | c. | 32
m | b. | 55
m | d. | 80.0
m | | | | |
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47.
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A race car
accelerates from 0 m/s to 30.0 m/s with a displacement of 45.0 m. What is the vehicle's
acceleration? a. | 2.00
m/s2 | c. | 10.0
m/s2 | b. | 5.00 m/s2 | d. | 15.0 m/s2 | | | | |
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48.
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A marble
accelerates from rest at a constant rate and travels for a total displacement of 44 m in 20.0 s. What
is the average velocity of the marble? a. | 1.1 m/s | c. | 4.4 m/s | b. | 2.2 m/s | d. | 0.0 m/s | | | | |
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49.
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A soccer
ball is kicked horizontally. What is its average speed if its displacement is 21.0 m after 4.00
s? a. | 5.25
m/s | c. | 14.4
m/s | b. | 8.75
m/s | d. | 2.63
m/s | | | | |
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50.
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A curious
kitten pushes a ball of yarn at rest with its nose, displacing the ball of yarn 17.5 cm in 2.00 s.
What is the acceleration of the ball of yarn? a. | 11.0 cm/s2 | c. | 14.4 cm/s2 | b. | 8.75
cm/s2 | d. | 4.38
cm/s2 | | | | |
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51.
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A sports car
accelerates at a constant rate from rest to a speed of 27.8 m/s in 8.00 s. What is the displacement
of the sports car in this time interval? a. | 55.0 m | c. | 111 m | b. | 77.0 m | d. | 222 m | | | | |
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52.
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Which of the
following units are used to measure free fall?
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53.
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Which of the
following is a value for the acceleration of objects in free fall? a. | 9.81
m/s2 | c. | 9.80
m/s2 | b. | –9.81 m/s2 | d. | –9.80 m/s2 | | | | |
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54.
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Acceleration
due to gravity is also called a. | negative velocity. | c. | free-fall acceleration. | b. | displacement. | d. | instantaneous
velocity. | | | | |
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55.
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The baseball
catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot as it returns to the mitt. At
what point in the ball’s path does it experience zero velocity and nonzero acceleration at the
same time? a. | midway on the way
up | b. | at the top of its
trajectory | c. | the instant it leaves the catcher’s
hand | d. | the instant before it
arrives in the catcher’s mitt | | |
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56.
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A rock is
thrown straight upward with an initial velocity of 24.5 m/s where the downward acceleration due to
gravity is 9.81 m/s2. What is the rock's displacement after 1.00 s? a. | 9.81
m | c. | 24.5
m | b. | 19.6
m | d. | 29.4
m | | | | |
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57.
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A rock is
thrown straight upward with an initial velocity of 19.6 m/s where the downward acceleration due to
gravity is 9.81 m/s2. What time interval elapses between the rock's being thrown and its
return to the original launch point? a. | 4.00 s | c. | 8.00 s | b. | 5.00 s | d. | 10.0 s | | | | |
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58.
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A baseball
is released at rest from the top of the Washington Monument. It hits the ground after falling for
6.00 s. What was the height from which the ball was dropped?
(Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.) a. | 150.0
m | c. | 115
m | b. | 177
m | d. | 210.0
m | | | | |
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59.
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A coin
released at rest from the top of a tower hits the ground after falling 1.5 s. What is the speed of
the coin as it hits the ground? (Disregard air
resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.) a. | 15
m/s | c. | 31
m/s | b. | 21
m/s | d. | 39
m/s | | | | |
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60.
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A rock is
thrown from the top of a cliff with an initial speed of 12 m/s. If the rock hits the ground after 2.0
s, what is the height of the cliff?
(Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
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61.
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A tourist
accidentally drops a camera from a 40.0 m high bridge. If g = 9.81 m/s2 and air
resistance is disregarded, what is the speed of the camera as it hits the water? a. | 28.0
m/s | c. | 56.0
m/s | b. | 31.0
m/s | d. | 784
m/s | | | | |
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62.
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Human
reaction time is usually about 0.20 s. If your lab partner holds a ruler between your finger and
thumb and releases it without warning, how far can you expect the ruler to fall before you catch it?
(Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.) a. | at least 4.0
cm | c. | at least 16.0
cm | b. | at least 9.8
cm | d. | at least 19.6
cm | | | | |
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63.
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When there
is no air resistance, objects of different masses a. | fall with equal accelerations with similar
displacements. | b. | fall with different accelerations with different
displacements. | c. | fall with equal accelerations with different
displacements. | d. | fall with different accelerations with similar
displacements. | | |
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64.
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Objects that
are falling toward Earth move a. | faster and faster. | c. | at a constant velocity. | b. | slower and
slower. | d. | slower then
faster. | | | | |
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65.
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Which would
hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum, a feather or a metal
bolt? a. | the
feather | b. | the metal bolt | c. | They would hit the
ground at the same time. | d. | They would be suspended in a vacuum. | | |
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66.
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Which would
fall with greater acceleration in a vacuum, a leaf or a stone? a. | the
leaf | b. | the
stone | c. | They would accelerate at the same rate. | d. | It is difficult to
determine without more information. | | |
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67.
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Which of the
following is a physical quantity that has a magnitude but no direction? a. | vector | c. | resultant | b. | scalar | d. | frame of reference | | | | |
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68.
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Which of the
following is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction? a. | vector | c. | resultant | b. | scalar | d. | frame of reference | | | | |
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69.
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Identify the
following quantities as scalar or vector: the mass of an object, the number of leaves on a tree, wind
velocity. a. | vector, scalar,
scalar | c. | scalar, vector,
scalar | b. | scalar, scalar, vector | d. | vector, scalar, vector | | | | |
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70.
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Identify the
following quantities as scalar or vector: the speed of a snail, the time it takes to run a mile, the
free-fall acceleration. a. | vector, scalar, scalar | c. | vector, scalar, vector | b. | scalar, scalar,
vector | d. | scalar, vector,
vector | | | | |
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71.
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Which of the
following is an example of a vector quantity? a. | velocity | c. | volume | b. | temperature | d. | mass | | | | |
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72.
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For the
winter, a duck flies 10.0 m/s due south against a gust of wind with a velocity of 2.5 m/s. What is
the resultant velocity of the duck? a. | 12.5 m/s south | c. | 7.5 m/s south | b. | –12.5 m/s
south | d. | –7.5 m/s
south | | | | |
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73.
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A lightning
bug flies at a velocity of 0.25 m/s due east toward another lightning bug seen off in the distance. A
light easterly breeze blows on the bug at a velocity of 0.25 m/s. What is the resultant velocity of
the lightning bug? a. | 0.50 m/s | c. | 0.75 m/s | b. | 0.00 m/s | d. | 0.25 m/s | | | | |
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74.
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A jogger
runs 10.0 blocks due east, 5.0 blocks due south, and another 2.0 blocks due east. Assume all blocks
are of equal size. Use the graphical method to find the magnitude of the jogger’s net
displacement. a. | 14.0
blocks | c. | 11.0
blocks | b. | 8.0 blocks | d. | 13.0 blocks | | | | |
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75.
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A cave
explorer travels 3.0 m eastward, then 2.5 m northward, and finally 15 m westward. Use the graphical
method to find the magnitude of the net displacement. a. | 12
m | c. | 18
m | b. | 5.7
m | d. | 15
m | | | | |
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76.
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A student
adds two vectors with magnitudes of 200 and 40. Taking into account significant figures, which is the
only possible choice for the magnitude of the resultant?
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77.
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Multiplying
or dividing vectors by scalars results in a. | vectors. | b. | scalars. | c. | vectors if multiplied or scalars if divided. | d. | scalars if multiplied
or vectors if divided. | | |
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78.
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An ant on a
picnic table travels 3.0 ´ 101 cm eastward, then 25 cm northward, and finally 15 cm westward. What is
the ant’s directional displacement relative to its original position? a. | 29 cm at 59° north
of east | c. | 57 cm at 29° north
of west | b. | 52 cm at 29° north of east | d. | 29 cm at 77° north of east | | | | |
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79.
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A duck
waddles 2.5 m east and 6.0 m north. What are the magnitude and direction of the duck’s
displacement with respect to its original position? a. | 3.5 m at 19° north of
east | c. | 6.5 m at 67° north of
east | b. | 6.3 m at 67° north of
east | d. | 6.5 m at 72° north of
east | | | | |
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80.
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A
quarterback takes the ball from the line of scrimmage and runs backward for 1.0 ´ 101 m then
sideways parallel to the line of scrimmage for 15 m. The ball is thrown forward 5.0 ´ 101 m
perpendicular to the line of scrimmage. The receiver is tackled immediately. How far is the football
displaced from its original position?
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81.
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A plane
flies from city A to city B. City B is 1540 km west and 1160 km south of city A. What is the total
displacement and direction of the plane? a. | 1930 km, 43.0° south of west | c. | 1850 km, 37.0° south of west | b. | 1850 km,
43.0° south of west | d. | 1930 km,
37.0° south of west | | | | |
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82.
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While
following directions on a treasure map, a person walks 45.0 m south, then turns and walks 7.50 m
east. Which single straight-line displacement could the treasure hunter have walked to reach the same
spot? a. | 45.6 m at
9.5° south of
east | c. | 45.6 m at
9.5° east of
south | b. | 52.5 m at 21° east of south | d. | 45.6 m at 21° south of east | | | | |
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83.
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In a
coordinate system, the x-component of a given vector is equal to that vector’s magnitude
multiplied by which trigonometric function, with respect to the angle between the vector and the
x-axis? a. | the cosine of
q | c. | the tangent of
q | b. | the sine of q | d. | the cotangent of q | | | | |
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84.
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In a
coordinate system, if the x component of a vector and the angle between the vector and
x-axis are known, then the magnitude of the vector is calculated by which operation, taken
with respect to the x component? a. | dividing by the sine of q | c. | multiplying by the sine of q | b. | dividing by the cosine
of q | d. | multiplying by the
cosine of q | | | | |
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85.
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A string
attached to an airborne kite was maintained at an angle of 40.0° with the ground. If
120 m of string was reeled in to return the kite back to the ground, what was the horizontal
displacement of the kite? (Assume the kite string did not sag.) a. | 110
m | c. | 77
m | b. | 84
m | d. | 92
m | | | | |
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86.
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An athlete
runs 110 m across a level field at an angle of 30.0° north of east. What are the east and north components, respectively,
of this displacement? a. | 64 m; 190 m | c. | 95 m; 55 m | b. | 190 m; 64 m | d. | 55 m; 95 m | | | | |
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87.
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A
skateboarder rolls 25.0 m down a hill that descends at an angle of 20.0° with the horizontal.
Find the horizontal and vertical components of the skateboarder's displacement. a. | 8.55 m; 23.5
m | c. | 23.5 m; 73.1
m | b. | 23.5 m; 8.55
m | d. | 73.1 m; 26.6
m | | | | |
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88.
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Find the
resultant of these two vectors: 2.00 ´ 102 units due east and 4.00 ´ 102 units 30.0° north of
west. a. | 300 units
29.8° north of west | c. | 546 units
59.3° north of west | b. | 581 units 20.1° north of east | d. | 248 units 53.9° north of west | | | | |
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89.
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Vector
A is 3.2 units in length and points along the positive y-axis. Vector B is 4.6
units in length and points along a direction 195° counterclockwise from the positive x-axis. What is the
magnitude of the resultant when vectors A and B are added? a. | 1.2
units | c. | 4.8
units | b. | 6.2 units | d. | 5.6 units | | | | |
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90.
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What is the
resultant displacement of a dog looking for its bone in the yard, if the dog first heads
55° north of west for 10.0
m, and then turns and heads west for 5.00 m? a. | 11.2 m at 63° west of north | c. | 13.5 m at 37° north of east | b. | 13.5 m at
37° north of
west | d. | 62.1 m at
74° north of
west | | | | |
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91.
|
A hiker
walks 4.5 km at an angle of 45° north of west. Then the hiker walks 4.5 km south. What is the magnitude and direction
of the hiker’s total displacement? a. | 3.5 km, 22° south of west | c. | 6.4 km, 45° north of west | b. | 3.5 km, 22° north of
west | d. | 6.4 km, 22° south of
west | | | | |
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|
92.
|
Which of the
following is the motion of objects moving in two dimensions under the influence of
gravity? a. | horizontal
velocity | c. | parabola | b. | directrix | d. | projectile motion | | | | |
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93.
|
Which of the
following is an example of projectile motion? a. | a jet lifting off a runway | b. | a bullet being fired
from a gun | c. | dropping an aluminum can into the recycling
bin | d. | a space shuttle
orbiting Earth | | |
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94.
|
Which of the
following is NOT an example of projectile motion? a. | a volleyball served over a net | c. | a hot-air balloon drifting toward Earth | b. | a baseball hit by a
bat | d. | a long jumper in
action | | | | |
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|
95.
|
What is the
path of a projectile? a. | a wavy line | b. | a parabola | c. | a hyperbola | d. | Projectiles do not follow a predictable
path. | | |
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96.
|
Which of the
following exhibits parabolic motion? a. | a person diving into a pool from a diving
board | b. | a space shuttle orbiting Earth | c. | a leaf falling from a
tree | d. | a train moving along a
flat track | | |
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|
97.
|
Which of the
following does NOT exhibit parabolic motion? a. | a frog jumping from land into water | b. | a basketball thrown to
a hoop | c. | a flat piece of paper released from a window | d. | a baseball thrown to
home plate | | |
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98.
|
A stone is
thrown at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal from the top edge of a cliff with an initial speed of 12 m/s. A
stopwatch measures the stone’s trajectory time from the top of the cliff to the bottom at 5.6 s.
What is the height of the cliff? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81
m/s2.) a. | 58
m | c. | 120
m | b. | 150
m | d. | 180
m | | | | |
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|
99.
|
A track star
in the long jump goes into the jump at 12 m/s and launches herself at 20.0° above the
horizontal. How long is she in the air before returning to Earth? (g = 9.81
m/s2) a. | 0.42
s | c. | 1.5
s | b. | 0.83
s | d. | 1.2
s | | | | |
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|
100.
|
A model
rocket flies horizontally off the edge of the cliff at a velocity of 50.0 m/s. If the canyon below is
100.0 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff does the model rocket land? a. | 112
m | c. | 337
m | b. | 225
m | d. | 400
m | | | | |
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|
101.
|
A
firefighter 50.0 m away from a burning building directs a stream of water from a fire hose at an
angle of 30.0° above the horizontal. If the velocity of the stream is 40.0 m/s, at what height will
the stream of water strike the building? a. | 9.60 m | c. | 18.7 m | b. | 13.4 m | d. | 22.4 m | | | | |
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|
102.
|
Which of the
following is a coordinate system for specifying the precise location of objects in
space? a. | x-axis | c. | frame of
reference | b. | y-axis | d. | diagram | | | | |
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|
103.
|
A passenger
on a bus moving east sees a man standing on a curb. From the passenger’s perspective, the man
appears to a. | stand
still. | b. | move west at a speed that is less than the bus’s
speed. | c. | move west at a speed that is equal to the bus’s
speed. | d. | move east at a speed that is equal to the bus’s
speed. | | |
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|
104.
|
A piece of
chalk is dropped by a teacher walking at a speed of 1.5 m/s. From the teacher’s perspective, the
chalk appears to fall a. | straight down. | c. | straight down and forward. | b. | straight down and
backward. | d. | straight
backward. | | | | |
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|
105.
|
A jet moving
at 500.0 km/h due east moves into a region where the wind is blowing at 120.0 km/h in a direction
30.0° north of east. What is the new velocity and direction of the aircraft relative to the
ground? a. | 607 km/h,
5.67° north of east | c. | 550.0 km/h,
6.22° north of east | b. | 620.0 km/h, 7.10° north of east | d. | 588 km/h, 4.87° north of east | | | | |
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106.
|
A boat moves
at 10.0 m/s relative to the water. If the boat is in a river where the current is 2.00 m/s, how long
does it take the boat to make a complete round trip of 1000.0 m upstream followed by 1000.0 m
downstream? a. | 199
s | c. | 208
s | b. | 203
s | d. | 251
s | | | | |
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|
107.
|
A superhero
flying at treetop level sees the Eiffel Tower elevator begin to free fall. If the superhero is 1.00
km away from the tower and the elevator falls from a height of 240.0 m, how long does the superhero
have to save the people in the elevator? What should the superhero’s average velocity
be? a. | 7 s; 333
m/s | c. | 7 s; 143
m/s | b. | 5 s; 200
m/s | d. | 9 s; 111
m/s | | | | |
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108.
|
A small
airplane flies at a velocity of 145 km/h toward the south as observed by a person on the ground. The
airplane pilot measures an air velocity of 170.0 km/h south. What is the velocity of the wind that
affects the plane? a. | 25 km/h south | c. | 315 km/h south | b. | 25 km/h
north | d. | 315 km/h
north | | | | |
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|
109.
|
Which of the
following is the cause of an acceleration or a change in an object’s motion? a. | speed | c. | force | b. | inertia | d. | velocity | | | | |
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|
110.
|
Which of the
following statements does NOT describe force? a. | Force causes objects at rest to remain
stationary. | b. | Force causes objects to start moving. | c. | Force causes objects to
stop moving. | d. | Force causes objects to change direction. | | |
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|
111.
|
What causes
a moving object to change direction? a. | acceleration | c. | inertia | b. | velocity | d. | force | | | | |
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|
112.
|
Which of the
following forces arises from direct physical contact between two objects? a. | gravitational
force | c. | contact
force | b. | fundamental force | d. | field force | | | | |
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|
113.
|
Which of the
following forces exists between objects even in the absence of direct physical
contact? a. | frictional
force | c. | contact
force | b. | fundamental force | d. | field force | | | | |
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|
114.
|
Which of the
following forces is an example of a contact force? a. | gravitational
force | c. | electric
force | b. | magnetic force | d. | frictional force | | | | |
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|
115.
|
Which of the
following forces is an example of a field force? a. | gravitational force | c. | normal force | b. | frictional
force | d. | tension | | | | |
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|
116.
|
In the
free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the gravitational force acting on the
car? a. | 5800
N | c. | 14 700
N | b. | 775
N | d. | 13 690
N | | | | |
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|
117.
|
In the
free-body diagram show above, the 5800 N force represents a. | the gravitational force
acting on the car. | b. | the backward force the road exerts on the
car. | c. | the upward force the
road exerts on the car. | d. | the force exerted by a towing cable on the
car. | | |
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|
118.
|
A free-body
diagram of a ball in free fall in the presence of air resistance would show a. | a downward arrow to
represent the force of air resistance. | b. | only a downward arrow to represent the force of
gravity. | c. | a downward arrow to represent the force of gravity and an upward arrow
to represent the force of air resistance. | d. | an upward arrow to represent the force of gravity and a downward arrow
to represent the force of air resistance. | | |
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|
|
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|
119.
|
In the
free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the gravitational force acting on the
balloon? a. | 1520
N | c. | 4050
N | b. | 950
N | d. | 5120
N | | | | |
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|
|
120.
|
Which of the
following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion? a. | acceleration | c. | force | b. | inertia | d. | velocity | | | | |
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|
121.
|
A late
traveler rushes to catch a plane, pulling a suitcase with a force directed 30.0° above the horizontal.
If the horizontal component of the force on the suitcase is 60.6 N, what is the force exerted on the
handle? a. | 53.0
N | c. | 65.2
N | b. | 70.0
N | d. | 95.6
N | | | | |
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|
122.
|
A car goes
forward along a level road at constant velocity. The additional force needed to bring the car into
equilibrium is a. | greater than the normal
force times the coefficient of static friction. | b. | equal to the normal
force times the coefficient of static friction. | c. | the normal force times
the coefficient of kinetic friction. | d. | zero. | | |
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|
123.
|
A sled is
pulled at a constant velocity across a horizontal snow surface. If a force of 8.0 ´ 101 N is
being applied to the sled rope at an angle of 53° to the ground, what is the force of friction between the sled and the
snow?
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|
|
124.
|
A trapeze
artist weighs 8.00 ´ 102 N. The artist is momentarily held to one side of a swing by a partner
so that both of the swing ropes are at an angle of 30.0° with the vertical. In such a condition of static
equilibrium, what is the horizontal force being applied by the partner? a. | 924
N | c. | 196
N | b. | 433
N | d. | 462
N | | | | |
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|
125.
|
If a nonzero
net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely a. | at
rest. | c. | being
accelerated. | b. | moving with a constant velocity. | d. | losing mass. | | | | |
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|
126.
|
A wagon with
a weight of 300.0 N is accelerated across a level surface at 0.5 m/s2. What net force acts
on the wagon? (g = 9.81 m/s2) a. | 9.0 N | c. | 150 N | b. | 15 N | d. | 610 N | | | | |
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|
|
127.
|
Which
statement about the acceleration of an object is correct? a. | The acceleration of an
object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely
proportional to the mass of the object. | b. | The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the
object. | c. | The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net
external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the
object. | d. | The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net
external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the
object. | | |
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|
|
128.
|
A small
force acting on a human-sized object causes a. | a small acceleration. | c. | a large acceleration. | b. | no
acceleration. | d. | equilibrium. | | | | |
|
|
|
129.
|
According to
Newton’s second law, when the same force is applied to two objects of different
masses, a. | the object with greater
mass will experience a great acceleration and the object with less mass will experience an even
greater acceleration. | b. | the object with greater mass will experience a smaller acceleration
and the object with less mass will experience a greater acceleration. | c. | the object with greater
mass will experience a greater acceleration and the object with less mass will experience a smaller
acceleration. | d. | the object with greater mass will experience a small acceleration and
the object with less mass will experience an even smaller acceleration. | | |
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|
|
130.
|
Two
perpendicular forces, one of 45.0 N directed upward and the second of 60.0 N directed to the right,
act simultaneously on an object with a mass of 35.0 kg. What is the magnitude of the resultant
acceleration of the object? a. | 2.14 m/s2 | b. | 3.00
m/s2 | c. | 5.25 m/s2 | d. | 1.41
m/s2 | | |
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|
|
131.
|
A sailboat
with a mass of 2.0 ´ 103 kg experiences a tidal force of 3.0 ´ 103 N
directed to the east and a wind force against its sails with a magnitude of 6.0 ´ 103 N
directed toward the northwest (45° N of W). What is the magnitude of the resultant acceleration of the
boat? a. | 2.2
m/s2 | c. | 1.5
m/s2 | b. | 2.1 m/s2 | d. | 4.4 m/s2 | | | | |
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|
|
132.
|
An airplane
with a mass of 1.2 ´ 104 kg tows a glider with a mass of 0.60 ´ 104 kg. If
the airplane propellers provide a net forward thrust of 3.6 ´ 104 N, what is the acceleration of the
glider? a. | 2.0
m/s2 | c. | 6.0
m/s2 | b. | 3.0 m/s2 | d. | 9.8 m/s2 | | | | |
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|
|
133.
|
An elevator
weighing 2.00 ´ 105 N is supported by a steel cable. What is the tension in the cable when
the elevator is accelerated upward at a rate of 3.00 m/s2? (g = 9.81
m/s2) a. | 1.39 ´ 105
N | c. | 2.42 ´ 105
N | b. | 2.31 ´ 105
N | d. | 2.61 ´ 105
N | | | | |
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|
|
134.
|
A hammer
drives a nail into a piece of wood. Identify an action-reaction pair, and compare the forces exerted
by each object. a. | The nail exerts a force
on the hammer; the hammer exerts a force on the wood. | b. | The hammer exerts a
force on the nail; the wood exerts a force on the nail. | c. | The hammer exerts a
force on the nail; the nail exerts a force on the hammer. | d. | The hammer exerts a
force on the nail; the hammer exerts a force on the wood. | | |
|
|
|
135.
|
A hockey
stick hits a puck on the ice. Identify an action-reaction pair, and compare the forces exerted by
each object. a. | The stick exerts a
force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the stick. | b. | The stick exerts a
force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the ice. | c. | The puck exerts a force
on the stick; the stick exerts a force on the ice. | d. | The stick exerts a
force on the ice; the ice exerts a force on the puck. | | |
|
|
|
136.
|
A leaf falls
from a tree and lands on the sidewalk. Identify an action-reaction pair, and compare the forces
exerted by each object. a. | The tree exerts a force on the leaf; the sidewalk exerts a force on
the leaf. | b. | The leaf exerts a force on the sidewalk; the sidewalk exerts a force
on the leaf. | c. | The leaf exerts a force on the tree; the sidewalk exerts a force on
the leaf. | d. | The leaf exerts a force on the sidewalk; the tree exerts a force on
the leaf. | | |
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|
|
137.
|
A ball is
dropped from a person’s hand and falls to Earth. Identify an action-reaction pair, and compare
the forces exerted by each object. a. | The hand exerts a force on the ball; Earth exerts a force on the
hand. | b. | Earth exerts a force on the ball; the hand exerts a force on
Earth. | c. | Earth exerts a force on the hand; the hand exerts a force on the
ball. | d. | Earth exerts a gravitational force on the ball; the ball exerts a
gravitational force on Earth. | | |
|
|
|
138.
|
Which are
simultaneous equal but opposite forces resulting from the interaction of two
objects? a. | net external
forces | c. | gravitational
forces | b. | field forces | d. | action-reaction pairs | | | | |
|
|
|
139.
|
As a
basketball player starts to jump for a rebound, the player begins to move upward faster and faster
until his shoes leave the floor. At the moment the player begins to jump, the force of the floor on
the shoes is a. | greater than the
player’s weight. | b. | equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the player's
weight. | c. | less than the player’s weight. | d. | zero. | | |
|
|
|
140.
|
The
magnitude of the force of gravity acting on an object is a. | frictional
force. | c. | inertia. | b. | weight. | d. | mass. | | | | |
|
|
|
141.
|
A measure of
the quantity of matter is a. | density. | c. | force. | b. | weight. | d. | mass. | | | | |
|
|
|
142.
|
A change in
the force of gravity acting on an object will affect the object’s a. | mass. | c. | weight. | b. | frictional force. | d. | inertia. | | | | |
|
|
|
143.
|
A weight of
5.00 ´ 103 N is suspended in equilibrium by two cables. Cable 1 applies a
horizontal force to the right of the object and has a tension, FT1. Cable 2 applies
a force upward and to the left at an angle of 37.0° to the negative x-axis and has a tension,
FT2. What is FT2? a. | 4440
N | c. | 8310
N | b. | 6640
N | d. | 3340
N | | | | |
|
|
|
144.
|
A sled
weighing 1.0 ´
102 N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0° slope by a rope
attached to a stake at the top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the
slope acting on the sled?
|
|
|
145.
|
A mule uses
a rope to pull a box that weighs 3.0 ´ 102 N across a level surface with constant velocity. The rope makes an
angle of 30.0° above the horizontal, and the tension in the rope is 1.0 ´ 102 N. What is the normal force of the floor on the
box? a. | 300.0
N | c. | 50.0
N | b. | 86
N | d. | 250
N | | | | |
|
|
|
146.
|
A book with
a mass of 2.0 kg is held in equilibrium on a board with a slope of 60.0° by a horizontal force.
What is the normal force exerted by the book?
|
|
|
147.
|
A couch with
a mass of 1 ´ 102 kg is placed on an adjustable ramp connected to a truck. As one end of
the ramp is raised, the couch begins to move downward. If the couch slides down the ramp with an
acceleration of 0.70 m/s2 when the ramp angle is 25°, what is the
coefficient of kinetic friction between the ramp and couch?
(g = 9.81
m/s2)
|
|
|
148.
|
There are
six books in a stack, and each book weighs 5 N. The coefficient of friction between the books is 0.2.
With what horizontal force must one push to start sliding the top five books off the bottom
one?
|
|
|
149.
|
A crate is
carried in a pickup truck traveling horizontally at 15.0 m/s. The truck applies the brakes for a
distance of 28.7 m while stopping with uniform acceleration. What is the coefficient of static
friction between the crate and the truck bed if the crate does not slide? a. | 0.400 | c. | 0.892 | b. | 0.365 | d. | 0.656 | | | | |
|
|
|
150.
|
An ice
skater moving at 10.0 m/s coasts to a halt in 1.0 ´ 102 m on a smooth ice surface. What is the coefficient of
friction between the ice and the skates? a. | 0.025 | c. | 0.102 | b. | 0.051 | d. | 0.205 | | | | |
|
|
|
151.
|
An Olympic
skier moving at 20.0 m/s down a 30.0° slope encounters a region of wet snow and slides 145 m before coming to a halt. What
is the coefficient of friction between the skis and the snow? a. | 0.540 | c. | 0.116 | b. | 0.740 | d. | 0.470 | | | | |
|