The Solar System
system

The Solar System is made up of the sun, nine planets, and a large number of comets and asteroids. People have actually seen earth from space, they live on the space station. Did you know that there is not a washing machine on the space station?

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Table of Contents
GPS
Activity One
Activity Two
Activity Three
Activity Four
MoreTopic Sites On The Solar System
Software Review Programs
My Other Links


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Earth Science Georgia Performance Standards For Fourth Grade

S4E1: Students will be able to compare and contrast the physical attributes of stars, star patterns, and planets.
a. Compare the similarities and differences of planets to the stars in appearance, position, and number in the night sky.
b. Explain why the pattern of stars in a constellation stays the same, but a planet can be seen in different locations at different times.
c. Identify how technology is used to observe distant objects in the sky.

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This web page is based on the fourth grade earth science Georgia Performance Standard. This site will enable students to explore the wonders of the solar system as well as view informaiton of  life in space.

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Activity 1:
1. What is everyday life like in space?
  • In this activity students will view an article from the web and explore aspects of everyday life in space.
2. PLO: From this activity, students will be introduced to life in space.
  • The students will learn about everyday life on the space station and how it differs from life on earth.
3. Materials:
  • A computer with internet access.
  • Websites with activity sheet and article listed below Procedures.
4. Procedures:
  1. Go to this website for activity one.
  2. Scroll down to Kid's Stories.
  3. Then choose 2nd-4th Grade reading level "Far Out Chores and Fun." This is an article about chores on the space station. Print out this article to accomodate the number of students in your class.
  4. Next, print out this activity for students to complete prior to reading the article.
  5. Ask students what kinds of chores they have done at home. Then ask what they think it would be like to do chores if they lived in space.
  6. Distribute the activtiy sheet and read the directions together. As a class, do "making the bed" together. There will be several ideas about making he bed in space,
  7. Have students complete the chart independently.
  8. Go over some of the predicitons.
  9. Distribute the article. Read the article as a class. Some of the discussion questions may include:
  • What chores do they do on the International Space Station?
  • What job would you like best? Least?
  • Who dod you think cleans the bathroom; how do you think they do it?
  • What do astronauts do in their time off?
  • How would playing games be different in microgravity?
  • What would happen to card shuffling in space?
  • How long would you be willing to work in space?
5. Product: Upon completion of this activity, students will better understand aspects of everyday life in space.


Activity 2: ( Optional)
1. How are the eating habits different on the space station? Let's play with canday and find out!
  • This lesson provides background in the beginning of the scientific method- predictions and observations-as well as providing a motivational way to introduce the concept of microgravity in relation to messes in general.
2.PLO: From this activity, students will be introduced to the scientific method and microgravity.
  • The students will learn about predict and observe aspects of  microgravtiy and relate it to floating food in space.
3. Materials:
  • A computer with internet access.
  • Website with activity sheet listed below procedures.
  • Five chocolate covered candies per group.
  • Bubble solution and bubble blowers, one set per group. Your own bubbles can be mixed with water and dishwashing detergent. Or you can purchase a product called "Candy Buubles" in which the students may actually eat the buubles. These can be purchased inexpensively at this number: 707-251-3700. The candy bubbles have great potential for simulating eating on the Space Station.
4. Procedures:

1. First, gather the needed materials and gather them into groups sets.

2. Distribute copies of the activity sheet and read it together as a class. Review the sequence of activities. Have students write their predictions about bubbles and share them with the class. Then distribute the bubbles and closely monitor students as they work. Discuss with students the behavior of the bubbles on Earth and the behavior of human movement in microgravity.

3. Repeat the process for the candy experiment. Discuss with students the difference between messes on Earth, where all crumbs and liquids fall down, and messes in microgravity where small air flows will send small messes in any direction!

4. As a class, review how the original predictions compared with the observations. How do the Earth observations compare to the predictions on the Space Station.


5. Product: Upon completion of this activity students will be able to make future predictions about floating food in space. Also, students will be able to view how a meal on the space station is different from eating on earth.


Just For Fun: Once students have completed activity one and/or activity two, they may click on Life in Space to play a game sbout living in space.

A special thankyou to my reference for the ideas and lessons for activity one and two.
This site is amazing!




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Activity 3: The Solar System Model
1. Which planets are inner planets and which planets are outer planets? Why are planets seen in different locations st different times?
  • In this activity students will research a website in order to create a mobile of the solar system as well as categorize planets as inner planets or outer planets. Also students will be able to research why planets can be seen at different locations at different times. Finally, students will be able to view facts about the sun and the nine planets that orbit the sun as well as research the astronomer that responsible for this system.

2.PLO: From this activity, the student will become familiar with the nine planets of the solar system as well as the sun in which they orbit.

3. Materials:
  • A round piece of cardboard about 1 ft across (the cardboard from a frozen pizza works well)
  • Lots of colors of oak tag (or construction paper)
  • Scissors
  • Tape
  • String
  • Pencil, crayons, or markers
  • A compass (for making circles)
  • A computer with internet access.
Procedures:
Prior to following these procedures students must explore this site. Scroll down the page to where it says "Solar System Model." The following links contains information that will promote critical thinking among students. Teacher may have to modify informaiton while reading depending on the nature of the class. However, theses sites are helpful in reaching our primary learning outcome. As a class view and discuss the following links:
1. The Solar System
Read information under "All About Our Solar System."
2. Mercury
Read under " General Information on Mercury."
3.Venus
Read under "Introduction To Venus."
4. Earth
Read under "Introduction To Earth."
5. Mars
Read under the "Red Planet."
6. Jupiter
Read under "Jupiter."
7. Saturn
Read under "General Inforamtion On Saturn."
8. Uranus
Read under "General Informaiton on Uranus."
9. Neptune
Read under "General Information on Neptune."
10. Pluto
Read under "Pluto."
Make students aware of Nicolaus Copernicus, however, website is too in depth for this age.

  • Gather needed materials to accommodate the number of students in the class.
  • Find the center of the large cardboard circle by drawing a line from top to bottom and a line from right to left. Where these two lines meet is the center of the circle. This will be the position of the Sun.
  • Using a compass, draw the orbits of the 9 planets (draw circles around the center of the piece of cardboard). The first 4 planets orbit relatively close to the Sun, then there is a gap ( this is where the asteroids orbit). Then the last 5 planets orbit very far from the Sun.
  • Using an awl, the sharp point of scissors, or a large nail, punch a series of holes in the cardboard. First puch a hole in the center (this is where the Sun will hang). Then punch one hole somewhere on each circle (orbit); a planet will hang from each hole.
5. Product: After completing this activity students would have obtained knowledge concerning the nine planets and the sun in which they orbit. Also, the students will be able to identify inner planets and outer planets and explain how they orbit.

Just For Fun: Upon completion of this activity, visit this website and explore our solar system.

A Special thank you to my reference for the ideas and information concerning actvity three.
 


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Activity 4: Making A Comet in the classroom
1. What does a comet look like?

2.PLO: From this activity, students will gain knowledge of a comet by constructing their own in the classroom.

3. Materials:

The "ingredients" for a six-inch comet are:
  • 2 cups of water
  • 2 cups dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide):
  • 2 spoonfuls of sand or dirt
  • a dash of ammonia
  • a dash of organic material (dark corn syrup works well)
Other materials you should have on hand include:
  • an ice chest
  • a large mixing bowl (plastic if possible)
  • 4 medium-sized plastic garbage bags
  • work gloves
  • a hammer, meat pounder, or rubber mallet
  • a large mixing spoon
  • paper towels
  • spoons
4. Procedures:
Making a six inch comet:
  1. Cut open one garbage bag and use it to line your mixing bowl.
  2. Have all ingredients and utensils arranged in front of you.
  3. Place water in mixing bowl.
  4. Add sand or dirt, stirring well.
  5. Add dash of ammonia
  6. Add dash of organic material (e.g. corn syrup), stirring until well mixed.
  7. Place dry ice in 3 garbage bags that have been placed inside each other. Be sure to wear gloves while handling dry ice to keep from being burned.
  8. Crush dry ice by pounding it with hammer.
  9. Add the dry ice to the rest of the ingredients in the mixing bowl while stirring vigorously.
  10. Continue stirring until mixture is almost totally frozen.
  11. Lift the comet out of the bowl using the plastic liner and shape it as you would a snowball.
  12. Unwrap the comet as soon as it is frozen sufficiently to hold its shape.
  13. Place the comet on display and allow students to watch as it begins to melt. Make known that it turned directly from a solid to a gas. This is what carbon dioxide does at room temperature and comets do this under the same conditions of interplanetary space when they are heated by the Sun.
  14. Provide students with a spoon to examine the comet. As the comet begins to melt, the class may notice small jets of gas coming from it. These are locations where the gaseous carbon dioxide is escaping through small holes in the still frozen water. This type of activity is also detected on real comets. This allows small changes in the orbit of the comet.
  15. After several hours, the comet will become a creater-filled ice ball as the more volatile carbon dioxide sublimates before the water ice melts. Real comets are also depleted by sublimation each time they come near the Sun. Old comets may break into several peices or even completely disintegrate.

5. Product: After completing this activity students will have obtained knowledge about a comet in space as well as participated in the construction of the comet enabling background information to understand how a comet works.

Upon Completion of this activity students will view this site and draw and label their own comet as well as view more facts on the comet.

A Special thank you to my reference for the ideas and inforamtion concerning this activity.


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More Topic Sites on the Solar System:
1.orbAstronomy For Kids
2.orbThe Sun
3.orb Earth's Seasons
4.OrbTour the Solar System

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Software Review Programs:
Software One: Microsoft Word 2003
word
Published by: Microsoft Corporation
Microsoft Word is an excellent program to have in the classroom. It enables students to master writing skills as well as spelling and grammar skills. This program has a spell check that notes spelling and grammar errors which will become clear to the student.
Description of Use: Each student will write a short story about living on the space station with their family. What adjustments would have to be made? Would you enjoy this type of life? Why or Why not?
Evaluation: This program is a great writing tool for the classroom. The only problem that may arise would be learning to maneuver the tool bar. At the elementary level, the complications of teh tool bar may cause a problem for some students who are not fimiliar with working on a computer.

Software Two: Microsoft Paint
paint
Published by: Microsoft Corporation
Microsoft Paint: is an excellent art tool for the classroom. This type of art is clean and easily edited if mistakes occur. Also, this enables the student to explore the program and gain a base knowledge of the tool bar.
Description of Use: Students will use this program to illustrate the sun as well as the nmine planets that orbit around the sun.
Evaluation: Microsoft word is an easy program to manipulate. Students of all ages will be able to explore options and create a picture. However, students at a young age may have trouble creating lines and shapes on this program. It is more difficult than crayons and paper.

Software Three: The Magic School Bus
bus
Published by:
  Misrosoft
The Magic School Bus Explores the Solar System
Description of Use:
Students will use this program to study the solar system in a fun and interesting way. Facts about the solar system will be presented through tours and games. Students will remain engaged in these fun activities while embedding knowledge about outer space. Also, with this program students feel that they are actually aboard the bus taking the tour themselves.
Evaluation: I feel that this program is beneficial for all ages. It is easy to manipulate and it captures interest to promote learning. I do not feel that this program would present a problem in the classroom.

Software Four: Interfact
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Published by: Two-Can Publishers
Description of Use: Students will use this program to examine aspects of the Solar System. This program will enable students to read the text and apply the software program to the information in which they have read. The text and the program create an unbeatable team about learning the facts of  the Solar System.
Evaluation: I feel that this program is beneficial to the all students in the classroom. This promotes reading skills as well as computer skills in an interesting way for young students. The only problem that may be presented is this type of software distributed to students may be damaged easily.

Software Five: NASA's Voyager Missions

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Published by: Springer
Description of Use: Students will use this program to investidate voyages into outer space. These missions are described in detail for the students to examine the trials and benefits of these voyages into space. Also, students will be able to examine the inside of a space shuttle and the types of responsibilities that occur inside.
Evaluation: I feel that this software is beneficial in allowing the students to explore voyages into space as well as providing facts about our Solar System. The only problem that I feel the software may create is it is costly and may be damaged easily.


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